Detection of Uterine Fibroids Through Ultrasound Among Women of Reproductive Age Presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in A Tertiary Care Hospital

Uterine Fibroids Among Women of Reproductive Age Presenting with AUB

Abstract

Fibroids are the leading cause of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Objective: To detect uterine fibroids through ultrasound among women of reproductive age presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Diagnostic Center of Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Lahore. Data were collected from 200 women of reproductive age (15–49 years) with AUB. Women with adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, endometriosis and other gynecological problems were excluded. A consecutive non-probability sampling method was employed, and data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 26.0. The chi-square test was applied for the comparison of categories. Results: The Average age of participants was 29.50 ± 8.32 years. From the participants with fibroids, common symptoms included pelvic pain (47%), back pain (46%), frequent urination (39%), and painful bleeding (68%). Out of the total, 53.5% had bleeding from other causes, and 46.50% had fibroids. Out of all participants, 46% had one fibroid, 0.5% had multiple fibroids, and 53.5% had none at all. There were 21.5% posterior wall fibroids and 25% anterior wall fibroids. Of the fibroids, 39.5% were hyperechoic and 7% were hypoechoic. The majority of fibroids 37.5% did not cause any distortion of the endometrial cavity. The endometrial thickness was normal in 84% of patients and increased in 32%. Conclusions: It was concluded that uterine fibroids were a common cause of AUB in women of reproductive age, with a significant proportion of cases presenting with symptoms such as pelvic pain, painful bleeding and frequent urination.